The Israel Apartheid Report Database
(updated 4/10/2022)

We welcome comments and proposals for additions to the Database. Write to:
its.apartheid@gmail.com

Introduction: A few words about this project

This project collected and presents a database of comprehensive and credible studies that conclude that Israel is an apartheid state. It links to hundreds of pages (and footnotes!) that makes that case. Thankfully, links to a number of Executive Summaries require less reading.

Let’s first consider a non-comprehensive, but credible analysis that concludes that Israel is an apartheid state. This one is based solely on exact quotations from two rock solid “primary sources”:

·         Apartheid defined by International Law. Entered into force in July 2002, the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/RS-Eng.pdf) included apartheid as one of many crimes against humanity “when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack.” It then defined apartheid to mean “inhumane acts of a character similar to [crimes against humanity] committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime.”

·         Apartheid codified by Israel’s Knesset. In July 2018, Israel’s Knesset passed the Jewish Nation-State Law—a so-called Basic Law with quasi-constitutional authority. Among its provisions:

o        The Land of Israel is the historical homeland of the Jewish people, in which the State of Israel was established.

o        The State of Israel is the nation state of the Jewish People, in which it realizes its natural, cultural, religious and historical right to self-determination.

o        The exercise of the right to national self-determination in the State of Israel is unique to the Jewish People.

o        The State shall be open for Jewish immigration, and for the Ingathering of the Exiles.

o        The State views the development of Jewish settlement as a national value, and shall act to encourage and promote its establishment and strengthening.

“The Land of Israel” is highlighted because that terminology was deliberately chosen to expand the law’s scope to include not only the internationally-recognized “State of Israel” boundaries, but all of the territory within Mandatory Palestine plus additional territory that Israel has annexed such as the Golan Heights, which were seized from Syria and were never included in the British Mandate.

“The exercise of the right to national self-determination in the State of Israel is unique to the Jewish People” is highlighted because that provision grants Jewish rights supremacy over non-Jews living in the “Land of Israel.”

“The State shall be open for Jewish immigration” is highlighted because, with only trivial exception, non-Jews who enter the country are ineligible for permanent residency status.

Those two bulleted citations confirm Israel’s intent to establish itself as an apartheid state; a bit of limited research and/or a brief fact-finding visit to the region confirms that reality.

But, as noted, Apartheid is a defined legal term, and there is an exploding body of comprehensive legal and scholarly research and analysis that concludes Zionist Israel is both in fact and in law committing the crime against humanity called apartheid.

The chronologically-listed citations in the Database are not merely “observer opinions,” they are a collection of “expert witness reports” that present comprehensive, systematic, carefully-documented research. If the authors were called to testify as witnesses at the International Criminal Court, these are the Exhibits that would be entered into the record.


Defining the Crime of Apartheid
(updated 3/29/2022)

  • November 30, 1973. Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid

  • July 17, 1998. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

    • Full text: https://iccforum.com/rome-statute

    • “Article 7 Crimes against humanity.

      • Section 1. “For the purpose of this Statute, “crime against humanity” means any of the following acts when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack: …(j) The crime of apartheid….

      • Section 2(h).“The crime of apartheid” means inhumane acts of a character similar to those referred to in paragraph 1, committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime…”

    • Wikipedia article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome_Statute

The Reports Database
(updated 3/29/2029)

(ì denotes Jewish-Israeli organization)

o        Capetown Session (November 2011), Are Israel practices against the Palestinian People in breach of the prohibition on apartheid under International Law?: https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/sessions/south-africa.html

§         Summary of Conclusions: https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/sessions/south-africa/south-africa-session-%e2%80%94-full-findings/cape-town-session-summary-of-findings.html

§         Full Findings (41 pages): https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/RToP-Cape-Town-full-findings2.pdf

o        Findings of the Final Session of the Russell Tribunal on Palestine (March 2013): https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/full-findings-of-the-final-session-en.html

 

·         November 10, 1975, UN General Assembly Resolution 3379, Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination. https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-181963/

o        This resolution defining Zionism as racism was revoked on December 16, 1991 by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 46/86.

o        See Wikipedia for a discussion of 3379 and 46/86: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_3379

 

                                                                                                          

·         March 15, 2017, UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) Richard Falk/Virginia Q. Tilley Report, Israeli Practices towards the Palestinian People and the Question of Apartheid.

o        Full Report (75 pages): https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1013&context=ps_pubs

o        Executive Summary: pages 1–7

 

·         November 10, 2019, Joint Parallel Report to the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination on Israel’s Seventeenth to Nineteenth Periodic Reports 100th SESSION. https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/16183.html  

o        Submitted by eight Palestinian, regional, and international organisations: (1) Al-Haq; (2) BADIL, (3) the Palestinian Center for Human Rights (PCHR); (4) Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; (5) Addameer; (6) the Civic Coalition for Palestinian Rights in Jerusalem (CCPRJ); (7) the Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies (CIHRS); and (8) Habitat International Coalition – Housing and Land Rights Network (HIC-HLRN)

o        Full Report (60 pages): https://www.alhaq.org/cached_uploads/download/2019/11/12/joint-parallel-report-to-cerd-on-israel-s-17th-19th-periodic-reports-10-november-2019-final-1573563352.pdf

 

ì     June, 2020, Yesh Din-Volunteers for Human Rights Legal Opinion by Michael Sfard, The Occupation of the West Bank and the Crime of Apartheid: Legal Opinion.

o        Executive Summary (10 pages): https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/files.yesh-din.org/Apartheid+2020/Apartheid++Summary+ENG.pdf

o        Full Report (58 pages): https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/files.yesh-din.org/Apartheid+2020/Apartheid+ENG.pdf

 

ì     January 12, 2021, B’Tselem – The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories Report, This Is Apartheid.  https://www.btselem.org/publications/fulltext/202101_this_is_apartheid

o        Short Illustrated Explainer: https://thisisapartheid.btselem.org/eng/#1

o        Position Paper (8 pages): https://www.btselem.org/sites/default/files/publications/202101_this_is_apartheid_eng.pdf

o        Webinars, op-eds and background (links): https://www.btselem.org/apartheid/this_is_apartheid_webinars_op_eds_and_more

 

·         April 27, 2021, Human Rights Watch Report, A Threshold Crossed: Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution.

o        Summary: https://www.hrw.org/report/2021/04/27/threshold-crossed/israeli-authorities-and-crimes-apartheid-and-persecution#2538

o        Full Report (224 pages): https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media_2021/04/israel_palestine0421_web_0.pdf

 

·         February 2022, Amnesty International Report, Israel’s Apartheid Against Palestinians: Cruel System Of Domination And Crime Against Humanity.

o        Executive Summary: https://www.amnestyusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Executive-Summary.pdf

o        Recommendations: https://www.amnestyusa.org/endapartheid/?gclid=CjwKCAjw_tWRBhAwEiwALxFPoWupho6YncOqMnf1sXQwus2gKFX0bJO7mi8SSd7qB7TIpwdo5ewxCxoCqBYQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds#policy-calls

o        Full Report (280 pages): https://www.amnestyusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Full-Report.pdf

o        Endorsements:

§         IfNotNow Twitter response, February 1, 2022: “We applaud @amnesty for joining leading Palestinian, Israeli, and international human rights groups in calling out the crimes of apartheid. To the Apartheid Lobby™ and Jewish establishment who can’t stand the word apartheid — where’s the lie?” https://twitter.com/IfNotNowOrg/status/1488556925834907649?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw

§         Jewish Voice for Peace Press Release, February 1, 2022, JVP Welcomes Amnesty International’s Report Documenting Israeli Apartheid.  https://jewishvoiceforpeace.org/2022/02/endisraeliapartheid/

 

·         February 28, 2022, (Joint Submission to the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel) Human Rights Clinic—Harvard Law School & Addameer Prisoner Support and Human Rights Association), Apartheid in the Occupied West Bank: A Legal Analysis of Israel’s Actions. http://hrp.law.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/IHRC-Addameer-Submission-to-HRC-COI-Apartheid-in-WB.pdf

o        Press release: : https://hrp.law.harvard.edu/press-releases/addameer-and-the-international-human-rights-clinic-at-harvard-law-school-send-joint-submission-to-the-un-independent-commission-of-inquiry-on-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-israel/

 

 

Note. Canadians for Justice and Peace in the Middle East offers a resource similar to this one: (https://www.cjpme.org/apartheid_list)

Standard Template

The Israel Apartheid Report Database
(updated 4/10/2022)

We welcome comments and proposals for additions to the Database. Write to:
its.apartheid@gmail.com

Introduction: A few words about this project

This project collected and presents a database of comprehensive and credible studies that conclude that Israel is an apartheid state. It links to hundreds of pages (and footnotes!) that makes that case. Thankfully, links to a number of Executive Summaries require less reading.

Let’s first consider a non-comprehensive, but credible analysis that concludes that Israel is an apartheid state. This one is based solely on exact quotations from two rock solid “primary sources”:

·         Apartheid defined by International Law. Entered into force in July 2002, the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/RS-Eng.pdf) included apartheid as one of many crimes against humanity “when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack.” It then defined apartheid to mean “inhumane acts of a character similar to [crimes against humanity] committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime.”

·         Apartheid codified by Israel’s Knesset. In July 2018, Israel’s Knesset passed the Jewish Nation-State Law—a so-called Basic Law with quasi-constitutional authority. Among its provisions:

o        The Land of Israel is the historical homeland of the Jewish people, in which the State of Israel was established.

o        The State of Israel is the nation state of the Jewish People, in which it realizes its natural, cultural, religious and historical right to self-determination.

o        The exercise of the right to national self-determination in the State of Israel is unique to the Jewish People.

o        The State shall be open for Jewish immigration, and for the Ingathering of the Exiles.

o        The State views the development of Jewish settlement as a national value, and shall act to encourage and promote its establishment and strengthening.

“The Land of Israel” is highlighted because that terminology was deliberately chosen to expand the law’s scope to include not only the internationally-recognized “State of Israel” boundaries, but all of the territory within Mandatory Palestine plus additional territory that Israel has annexed such as the Golan Heights, which were seized from Syria and were never included in the British Mandate.

“The exercise of the right to national self-determination in the State of Israel is unique to the Jewish People” is highlighted because that provision grants Jewish rights supremacy over non-Jews living in the “Land of Israel.”

“The State shall be open for Jewish immigration” is highlighted because, with only trivial exception, non-Jews who enter the country are ineligible for permanent residency status.

Those two bulleted citations confirm Israel’s intent to establish itself as an apartheid state; a bit of limited research and/or a brief fact-finding visit to the region confirms that reality.

But, as noted, Apartheid is a defined legal term, and there is an exploding body of comprehensive legal and scholarly research and analysis that concludes Zionist Israel is both in fact and in law committing the crime against humanity called apartheid.

The chronologically-listed citations in the Database are not merely “observer opinions,” they are a collection of “expert witness reports” that present comprehensive, systematic, carefully-documented research. If the authors were called to testify as witnesses at the International Criminal Court, these are the Exhibits that would be entered into the record.

Defining the Crime of Apartheid
(updated 3/29/2022)

  • November 30, 1973. Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid
  • July 17, 1998. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
    • Full text: https://iccforum.com/rome-statute
    • “Article 7 Crimes against humanity.
      • Section 1. “For the purpose of this Statute, “crime against humanity” means any of the following acts when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack: …(j) The crime of apartheid….
      • Section 2(h).“The crime of apartheid” means inhumane acts of a character similar to those referred to in paragraph 1, committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime…”
    • Wikipedia article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome_Statute

The Reports Database
(updated 3/29/2029)

(ì denotes Jewish-Israeli organization)

o        Capetown Session (November 2011), Are Israel practices against the Palestinian People in breach of the prohibition on apartheid under International Law?: https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/sessions/south-africa.html

§         Summary of Conclusions: https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/sessions/south-africa/south-africa-session-%e2%80%94-full-findings/cape-town-session-summary-of-findings.html

§         Full Findings (41 pages): https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/RToP-Cape-Town-full-findings2.pdf

o        Findings of the Final Session of the Russell Tribunal on Palestine (March 2013): https://www.russelltribunalonpalestine.com/en/full-findings-of-the-final-session-en.html

 

·         November 10, 1975, UN General Assembly Resolution 3379, Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination. https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-181963/

o        This resolution defining Zionism as racism was revoked on December 16, 1991 by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 46/86.

o        See Wikipedia for a discussion of 3379 and 46/86: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_3379

 

                                                                                                          

·         March 15, 2017, UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) Richard Falk/Virginia Q. Tilley Report, Israeli Practices towards the Palestinian People and the Question of Apartheid.

o        Full Report (75 pages): https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1013&context=ps_pubs

o        Executive Summary: pages 1–7

 

·         November 10, 2019, Joint Parallel Report to the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination on Israel’s Seventeenth to Nineteenth Periodic Reports 100th SESSION. https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/16183.html  

o        Submitted by eight Palestinian, regional, and international organisations: (1) Al-Haq; (2) BADIL, (3) the Palestinian Center for Human Rights (PCHR); (4) Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights; (5) Addameer; (6) the Civic Coalition for Palestinian Rights in Jerusalem (CCPRJ); (7) the Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies (CIHRS); and (8) Habitat International Coalition – Housing and Land Rights Network (HIC-HLRN)

o        Full Report (60 pages): https://www.alhaq.org/cached_uploads/download/2019/11/12/joint-parallel-report-to-cerd-on-israel-s-17th-19th-periodic-reports-10-november-2019-final-1573563352.pdf

 

ì     June, 2020, Yesh Din-Volunteers for Human Rights Legal Opinion by Michael Sfard, The Occupation of the West Bank and the Crime of Apartheid: Legal Opinion.

o        Executive Summary (10 pages): https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/files.yesh-din.org/Apartheid+2020/Apartheid++Summary+ENG.pdf

o        Full Report (58 pages): https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/files.yesh-din.org/Apartheid+2020/Apartheid+ENG.pdf

 

ì     January 12, 2021, B’Tselem – The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories Report, This Is Apartheid.  https://www.btselem.org/publications/fulltext/202101_this_is_apartheid

o        Short Illustrated Explainer: https://thisisapartheid.btselem.org/eng/#1

o        Position Paper (8 pages): https://www.btselem.org/sites/default/files/publications/202101_this_is_apartheid_eng.pdf

o        Webinars, op-eds and background (links): https://www.btselem.org/apartheid/this_is_apartheid_webinars_op_eds_and_more

 

·         April 27, 2021, Human Rights Watch Report, A Threshold Crossed: Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution.

o        Summary: https://www.hrw.org/report/2021/04/27/threshold-crossed/israeli-authorities-and-crimes-apartheid-and-persecution#2538

o        Full Report (224 pages): https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media_2021/04/israel_palestine0421_web_0.pdf

 

·         February 2022, Amnesty International Report, Israel’s Apartheid Against Palestinians: Cruel System Of Domination And Crime Against Humanity.

o        Executive Summary: https://www.amnestyusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Executive-Summary.pdf

o        Recommendations: https://www.amnestyusa.org/endapartheid/?gclid=CjwKCAjw_tWRBhAwEiwALxFPoWupho6YncOqMnf1sXQwus2gKFX0bJO7mi8SSd7qB7TIpwdo5ewxCxoCqBYQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds#policy-calls

o        Full Report (280 pages): https://www.amnestyusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Full-Report.pdf

o        Endorsements:

§         IfNotNow Twitter response, February 1, 2022: “We applaud @amnesty for joining leading Palestinian, Israeli, and international human rights groups in calling out the crimes of apartheid. To the Apartheid Lobby™ and Jewish establishment who can’t stand the word apartheid — where’s the lie?” https://twitter.com/IfNotNowOrg/status/1488556925834907649?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw

§         Jewish Voice for Peace Press Release, February 1, 2022, JVP Welcomes Amnesty International’s Report Documenting Israeli Apartheid.  https://jewishvoiceforpeace.org/2022/02/endisraeliapartheid/

 

·         February 28, 2022, (Joint Submission to the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel) Human Rights Clinic—Harvard Law School & Addameer Prisoner Support and Human Rights Association), Apartheid in the Occupied West Bank: A Legal Analysis of Israel’s Actions. http://hrp.law.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/IHRC-Addameer-Submission-to-HRC-COI-Apartheid-in-WB.pdf

o        Press release: : https://hrp.law.harvard.edu/press-releases/addameer-and-the-international-human-rights-clinic-at-harvard-law-school-send-joint-submission-to-the-un-independent-commission-of-inquiry-on-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-and-israel/

 

 

Note. Canadians for Justice and Peace in the Middle East offers a resource similar to this one: (https://www.cjpme.org/apartheid_list)